Saturday 19 March 2016

孫星衍 最難風雨故人來 How joyous when an old friend comes

莫放春秋佳日過,

    最難風雨故人來

     -- 孫星衍 楹聯

A Famous Chinese Couplet
-- Sun Xing-yan (Qing Dynasty)  
-- Translated by Frank C Yue

Don't let the fine Spring and Autumn days slip by again;

How joyous when an old friend comes in the 

wind and rain!  


The following commentary culled from the net:

詩人說道,不要讓大好時光匆匆流逝,應當珍惜美好時光;而有朋友在風雨交加時節前來探望,最是人生快事。

代學者 孫星衍,為乾隆朝榜眼,著名小學、金石學家,也是藏書家、目錄學家。年少時,與楊芳燦、洪亮吉、黃景仁等一樣以文學見長,袁枚稱為他為「天下奇 才」。一生博覽群書,勤於著述,阮元即曾聘他為詁精經舍教習,並主講鍾山書院。其人才學博洽,「莫放春秋佳日過,最難風雨故人來」這一聯句,即是他一生所 寫過的篆字楹聯中最知名者。

亦有說此聯句,乃出自明代的馮子振鸚鵡曲山亭逸興一詩:「嵯峨峰頂移家住,是個不唧溜樵父。爛柯時樹老無花,葉葉枝枝風雨。故人曾喚我歸來,卻道不如休去。指門前萬疊雲山,是不費青蚨買處。」孫星衍之聯句雖未必出自於此,然意境略有相通之處,仍可一併參考。

星衍這一聯句,以極淺明之文字,道盡人生最至關緊要的兩件大事,一是享受春秋佳日之美好,二是友朋造訪之美至樂至喜至。就前句「莫放春秋佳日過」而言,語 本陶潛移居詩「春秋多佳日,登高賦新詩」之意而來,明顯具有人生貴閒適,而登高賦詩正是春秋佳日最具妙趣之事。可見,孫星衍對於人生之體會何等自在自 適。

而後句「最難風雨故人來」之「風雨」本指大自然刮風下雨,亦比喻惡劣的處境。詩經鄭風風雨》篇所云之境,恰與此同:「風雨凄凄,雞鳴喈喈,既見君子。云胡不夷。風雨瀟瀟,雞鳴膠膠。既見君子,云胡不瘳。風雨如晦,雞鳴不已。既見君子,云胡不喜。」

在風雨交加之淒冷中,人容易感到孤獨或身處危難,這時一旦有故友風雨無阻,不邀而至,最令人心喜,此乃人生最難能可貴之事。是以,「最難風雨故人來」成為傳誦不歇的名句。

1 comment:

  1. I think there are more elements to your translation. Spring and Autumn can connote senescence and death – a stage in life when anything (especially travel) and be very difficult for "old" friends – making their arrival all the more appreciated. 風雨 might not be given their literal meaning – it can mean “turmoil” or the “trials and tribulations” of life. So for old friends to visit during difficult times is to be especially treasured.

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